PATENTED MINING CLAIM: A patented mining claim is one for which the Federal Government has passed its title to the claimant, making it private land. A person may mine and remove minerals from a mining claim without a mineral patent. However, a mineral patent gives the owner exclusive title to the locateble minerals. It also gives the owner title to the surface and other resources.
With a Patented Cailm: You own the Land as well as the minerals
UNPATENTED MINING CLAIM: An Un-patented mining claim is a particular parcel of Federal land, valuable for a specific mineral deposit or deposits. It is a parcel for which an individual has asserted a right of possession. The right is restricted to the extraction and development of a mineral deposit. The rights granted by a mining claim are valid against a challenge by the United States and other claimants only after the discovery of a valuable mineral deposit.
With a Unpatented Claim: You are leasing, from the government, the right to extract minerals. No land ownership is conveyed.